Classification of Caelifera

Based on Kevan 1982 with numerous alterations, viz

Major divisions all reduced to superfamily level
Incorporates molecular systematic findings of Rowell and Flook esp in the Eumastacoidea, the "Pamphagoidea" and the Pneumoroidea" sensu Dirsh
Classification of Acridoidea incorporates in part alterations suggested by Amédégnato 1974, Dirsh 1975, Eades 2000.

Number in bracket indicates no. of subfamilies contained in the family.

• indicates representative of taxon already used in molecular systematic investigation.

•Tridactyloidea Chopard 1943
			•Tridactylidae Brunner 1882 (2)
						•Tridactylinae Günther 1979
						Dentridactylinae Günther 1979
			•Rhipipterygidae Chopard 1949 (1)
			•Cylindrachetidae Zeuner 1935 (1)

•Tetrigoidea
			•Tetrigidae Uvarov 1940 (=Acrydiidae Werner 1936) (7)
						Cleostratinae (Philippines)
						Tripetalocerinae (S.E. Asia)
						Discotettiginae (S.E. Asia)
						•Cladonotinae (cosmotropical)
						•Amorphopinae (=Metrodorinae) (cosmotropical)
						•Tetriginae (worldwide)
						•Sceleminiae (may be a division of Tetriginae) OW Tropics.
			•Batrachideidae (1-2)
						•Batrachideinae (N.W.)
						Phloenotinae (O.W. tropics)
						(but these two subfamilies might be the same)

•Eumastacoidea
	•Proscopiidae Stål 1873 (1). S. & C. America
		Infrafamilial taxa under revision by A. Bentos-Pereira at the moment. (Often allotted separate Superfamily rank as Proscopioidea, e.g. by Descamps. Molecular systematics cannot to date distinguish this alternative from the hypothesis that the the Proscopiidae are the sister taxon of all other eumastacoids).
	•Eumastacoidea s.s.
		Euphalli Descamps 1973
			Mastacideidae Rehn 1948: S. India.
		•Cryptophalli Descamps 1973
			•Chorotypidae Stål 1876 (4-5)
						Chorotypinae Burr 1903: S.E. Asia, + 1 genus in W.Africa.
						Prionacanthinae Descamps 1973: S. India.
						•Erianthinae Burr 1903: Oriental Region.
						•Eruciinae Burr 1903: Malaysia, Philippines.
						Chininae Burr 1903: S.E. Asia.
						Mnesicleinae Descamps 1973; Indo-Malaya, New Guinea.
			•Episactidae Burr 1903
						•Episactinae Burr 1903: C. America & Hispaniola.
						•Espagnolinae Rehn 1948: Hispaniola.
		•Disclerophalli Descamps 1973 (African)
			•Euschmidtiidae Rehn (3)
						•Euschmidtiinae Rehn 1948: Africa, Seychelles.
						Pseudoschmidtiinae Descamps 1964: Africa & Madagascar.
						Stenoschmidtiinae Descamps 1973: E. Africa.
			•Thericleidae Burr 1903 (6)
						Barythericleinae Descamps 1977: Namibia.
						•Plagiotryptinae Descamps 1977; E. Africa, Socotra.
						Afromastacinae Descamps 1977: Africa.
						Loxicephalinae Descamps 1977: W. & C. Africa.
						Chromothericleinae Descamps 1977: E. Africa.
						•Thericleinae Burr 1903: Sub-saharan Africa, Arabia.
		•Stenophalli Descamps 1973 (American/Australian)
			•Eumastacidae Burr 1903(9)
						Morseinae Rehn 1948: S.W. USA, Argentina.
						Masynteinae Descamps 1973: Cuba.
						•Parepisactinae Descamps 1971: Colombia.
						•Eumastacinae Burr 1903: C. & S. America.
						Pseudomastacinae Rehn & Grant 1958: Upper Amazon.
						Paramastacinae Rehn & Grant 1958: Northern Andes.
						•Temnomastacinae Rehn & Rehn 1942 : Central S. America.
						Eumastacopinae Descamps 1973: LowerAmazonia, Guyana.
			•Morabidae (2)
						•Morabinae: Australia.
						•Biroellinae: N. Guinea, N. Australia.
		Incerta sedis:
			Miraculidae I Bolívar 1903 (3)
						Miraculinae I. Bolívar 1903: Madagascar.
						Malagassinae Rehn & Rehn 1945: Madagascar.
						Heteromastacinae Descamps 1973: Madagascar.
			Family relations uncertain:
						Teicophryinae Rehn 1948: Mexico.
						•Gomphomastacinae Burr 1903: C. Asia.

•Tanaoceroidea
			•Tanaoceridae Rehn 1948: S.W. USA, Bajo California (1) 2 genera.

•Trigonopterygoidea
			•Trigonopterygidae Walker 1870: (2)
						•Trigonopteryginae S. E. Asia.
						Borneacridinae Kevan 1952: Borneo & Sumatra.
			•Xyronotidae I. Bolívar 1909: S.E. Mexico (1)

•Pneumoroidea
			•Pneumoridae S. & E. Africa (2)
				Infrafamilial classification currently under revision by M. Van Staaden.

Pyrgomorphoidea
			•Pyrgomorphidae Brunner 1882: worldwide. (3 - 13). 151 genera, 534 spp. (according to Otte)
						•Orthacridinae Kevan, 1977 (14 included tribes)
						•Pyrgomorphinae Brunner 1882: world wide, mainly Africa and S.E. Asia. (18 included tribes)
			Dirsh (1975) recognized 13 of the 32 tribes recognized by Kevan as subfamilies.

•Acridoidea Burmeister 1839
			Pyrgacrididae Kevan 1974: Mauritius & Reunion. 1 genus.
			•Lentulidae Dirsh 1956: Africa (2). 20 genera, 70 spp. (according to Kevan)
						Lentulinae Dirsh 1956
						Shelforditinae Dirsh 1975 S. Africa.
			•Tristiridae Rehn 1906: S. America ()
						•Tristirinae: Argentina, Chile (17 genera)
						Atacamacridinae Carbonell & Mesa 1972: Chile (1 genus)
			•Ommexechidae Bolívar (2-3)
						Aucacridinae Rehn: Argentina (4 genera)
						•Ommexechinae I. Bolívar 1884 : S. America (8 genera).
						Illapeliinae Carbonell and Mesa 1972: Chile (1 genus)
							placement according to Eades 2000. Some authorities prefer it in the Acrididae.
			•Romaleidae Roberts 1941 (2)
						•Bactrophorinae Amédégnato 1974: C & S. America.
						•Romaleinae: all the Americas, but mostly S & C.
			Charilaidae (Dirsh 1953) (=Pamphagodidae): N. & S. Africa (1 subfamily) 5 g, 5 spp. (according to Otte)
			Lathiceridae Dirsh 1954: S. Africa, SW Africa. (1) 3 gen, 5 spp. (according to Otte)
			•Pamphagidae Stål 1873: Africa. Mediterranean, Central and SW Asia (4); 86 gen, 574 spp. (Otte)
						•Akicerinae Dirsh 1961: Africa, C. Asia.
							Here includes Thrinchinae Liu.
						Echinotropinae Dirsh 1961: S. & S.W. Africa.
						Porthetinae Dirsh 1958: S.E Africa, SW Arabia.
						•Pamphaginae Bei-Bienko & Mishchenko, 1951: Mediterranean, Asia.
			•Acrididae MacLeay 1821 (approx. 30 subfamilies, not all of which are well defined).
				Endemic S. & C. American (& in part Antillean) subfamilies:
					1.	•Copiocerinae Amédégnato 1974: S. & C. America.
						Includes Opshomalinae Dirsh 1975.
					2.	•Leptysminae Stål 1877: S., C. & N. America.
					3.	•Proctolabinae Amédégnato 1974: S. & C. America.
					4.	•Ommatolampinae Amédégnato 1974: S. & C. America, Gr. Antilles.
					5.	•Rhytidochrotinae Stål: S. & C. America.
					6.	•Pauliniinae Hebard 1924b: S. & C. America.
					7.	•Marelliinae Eades 2000
				Primarily O.W. and Palaearctic subfamilies:
					8.	•Acridinae: world wide, but probably polyphyletic
						e.g. the •Hyalopterygini (S. Am.) are different in DNA sequences. Includes Pargainae Dirsh, synonymized by Jago 1994, and Truxalinae sensu Dirsh, synonymized by Jago 1996.
					9.	•Apoboleinae Dirsh 1975 Africa, Asia.
					10.	•Calliptaminae Jakobson & Bianki 1904: Africa, Asia, Europe.
						Here includes Habrocneminae Yin.
					11.	Caryandinae Yin & Lu: Africa, Asia, Ceylon. (Recently split from Oxyinae).
					12.	•Catantopinae Uvarov 1927 (s.s.: Africa, Europe, Asia, Australasia)
					13.	•Conophyminae Mistschenko 1952. Central Asia only.
					14.	•Coptacridinae Brunner 1893: Africa, Asia.
					15.	•Cyrtacanthacridinae: world wide.
					16.	Diexinae Mistschenko 1947: Central Asia (2 genera)
					17.	Dericorythinae Jakobson & Bianki 1904: N. Africa, S.W. Asia.
						Here considered to include Anamesacridinae Dirsh 1975.
					18.	Egnatiinae Bey-Bienko 1951: N. Africa, Arabia.
					19.	Eremogryllinae Dirsh 1956: Sahara, Israel.
					20.	•Euryphyminae Dirsh 1956: S & E Africa.
					21.	•Eyprepocnemidinae Jakobson & Bianki 1904: entire O.W.
					22.	•Gomphocerinae J & B: world wide.
						Here includes Chrysochraontinae J & B
					23.	•Hemiacridinae Dirsh 1956: Africa and Asia.
						Here taken to include Leptacridinae Dirsh 1975.
					24.	•Lithidiinae Dirsh 1961: S. Africa.
					25.	•Melanoplinae Scudder 1897: all the Americas; Asia, Europe.
						Here taken to include the Eurasian •Podismini, sometimes given subfamily rank.
					26.	•Oedipodinae Walker 1870: world wide.
					27.	•Oxyinae Dirsh 1956: Africa, Asia, Australia.
					28.	Spathosterninae Rehn 1957: Africa, Asia, Australia.
					29.	Teratodinae Mistschenko 1952: NE Africa, W. Asia to India & Ceylon.
					30.	Tropidopolinae Jakobson & Bianki 1904: Africa, Asia, Europe.
	Eades (2000) adopts a strict genitalic definition of the Acrididae which results in the exclusion of some of the above subfamilies, and therefore in their elevation to family rank: the (Dericorythinae + Conophyminae + Iranellinae Eades) to the Dericorythidae, and the Lithidiinae to the Lithidiidae.

A Classification of the Caelifera

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